World History
3.4 Age of Exploration and Isolation

Drill: Haiku & Buddhism 
Haiku is a type of literature. 					
Buddhism is a path of practice and spiritual development

Objectives: Students will be able to review how the nations that set up trading empires in the East and the extent of those empires, describe daily life in Ming and Qing China, and explain how Japan’s policies toward Europeans changed.

Notes:
1. In the years directly following the Crusades, the trade of goods from East to West was controlled by the Muslims and the Italians.
2. By the 1700s, the Indian Ocean trade was dominated by the Dutch East India Company.
3. Mongols/Chinese/Manchus is the chronological order in which these peoples dominated China between 1300s and 1700s.
4. The major barrier to establishing effective centralized government in Japan was the power of the daimyo.

Odds & Ends
1. In the 1700s, Korea was a vassal state of China
2. Kabuki is a type of drama that originated in China
3. China’s Ming Dynasty was founded by the Chimese
4. Hongwu was the first emperor of China’s Ming Dynasty. 
5. The first Europeans to land on Japanese soil were Portuguese sailors who had arrived there after a shipweck.
6. The Tokugawa Shogunate was a type of military government. 
7. Under Japan’s system of feudalism, the daimyo functioned most similarly to what, in Europe’s system of feudalism, were the lords. 
8. Tokugawa Ieyasu used the “alternate attendance policy” to keep the daimyos (local warlords) from rebelling. 
9. The European leader in developing and applying 15th-century sailing innovations was Portugal.
10. Yonglo moved the Chinese capital to Beijing, where he built the palace complex known as the Forbidden City. 
11. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided new lands discovered east and west of a vertical line in the Atlantic Ocean between Portugal and Spain.  
12. The Chinese Muslim explorer Zheng, led seven voyages of exploration to places such as Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and eastern Africa.

World History
3.4 Age of Exploration and Isolation
Part 1: Key Ideas
1. d
2. b
3. d
4. b
5. c
6. a
	 7. China
8. drama (theater)
9. Chinese
10. Ming
11. true
12. true
13. true
14. daimyos (local warlords)
15. Portugal
16. true
17. Portugal and Spain
18. true	

Part 3 BCRs Critical Thinking 
Europeans: “God, gold, and glory”; belief that it was their sacred duty to convert non-Christians to Christianity; desire to become wealthy by dominating the trade of spices, opium and other luxuries from Asia; desire to serve their nation and achieve fame for it and themselves.
Chinese: desire for international fame; desire to impress other peoples and nations with their superiority; desire for wealth; desire to attract new tributaries. 

Geography
1. Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea
2. Red Sea, Arabian Sea, South China Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean
3. He was a Muslim and he wanted to make a pilgrimage to Mecca.
4. Calicut
5. 10,000 miles
6. Many of the countries that he traveled to were Muslim. This must have helped him gain acceptance with the cities he was visiting.
7. Exploration is expensive with few results. Money could be better spent on things inside China. Exploration is good because it promotes relationships between countries of the world. 3

Summary: In today’s lesson we 
Objectives: Students will be able to review how the nations that set up trading 
empires in the East and the extent of those empires changed

Homework: Kabuki & Daimyos 
Kabuki  - type of drama that originated in China
Daimyos - Japanese warlords
Name_______________________________________________________Date____________________
World History
3.4 Age of Exploration and Isolation
A. Write the letter of the best answer. 
______ 1. In the years directly following the Crusades, the trade of goods from
East to West was controlled by
a. the Portuguese. 				b. the British and the Dutch.
c. the Italians and the Spanish.		d. the Muslims and the Italians.
______ 2. By the 1700s, the Indian Ocean trade was dominated by
a. Muslim and Italian traders.			b. the Dutch East India Company.
c. the French East India Company.		d. the English East India Company.
______ 3. All of the following increased in China during the 1600s and 1700s
EXCEPT for the
a. production of rice. 				c. average family size.
b. overall population. 				d. tax burden on the poor.
______ 4. Which of the following reflects the chronological order in which these
peoples dominated China between 1300s and 1700s?
a. Mongols - Manchus - Chinese		b. Mongols - Chinese - Manchus
c. Chinese - Mongols - Manchus		d. Manchus - Chinese - Mongols
______ 5. China’s Forbidden City and the way it was used reflected all of the
following attitudes EXCEPT
a. the nation’s isolationism.			b. the power and wealth of the emperor.
c. importance of Confucianism in China.	d. distinction between social classes in China.
______ 6. The major barrier to establishing effective centralized government in
Japan was
a. the power of the daimyo.			b. the difficulties of collecting taxes.
c. the dissatisfaction of the peasant class.	d. interference from Christian missionaries.

B T or F If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make it true.
7. In the 1700s, Korea was a vassal state of Japan. ________________________________
8. Kabuki is a type of poetry that originated in Japan. ____________________________
9. China’s Ming Dynasty was founded by the Manchus. __________________________
10. Hongwu was the first emperor of China’s Qing Dynasty. ________________________
11. The first Europeans to land on Japanese soil were Portuguese sailors who had arrived there after a shipwreck__ 
12. The Tokugawa Shogunate was a type of military government. ____________________
13. Under Japan’s system of feudalism, the daimyo functioned most similarly to what, in Europe’s system of feudalism, were the lords.  ___________________________
14. Tokugawa Ieyasu used the “alternate attendance policy” to keep the peasants from rebelling________
15. The European leader in developing and applying 15th-century sailing innovations was the Netherlands.  ______
16. Yonglo moved the Chinese capital to Beijing, where he built the palace complex known as the Forbidden City.  _______________________________________________
17. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided lands discovered east and west between Spain and Italy.  ______
18. The Chinese Muslim explorer Zheng He led seven voyages of exploration to places such as Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and eastern Africa._____________________
Part 3: BCRsCritical Thinking   Answer the following question
Both the Europeans and the Chinese launched overseas explorations in the 1400s. Compare the reasons that each had for undertaking these explorations.

4.4 GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENT
The Voyages of Zheng He Directions: Read the paragraphs below and study the map carefully. 
An unusual stone pillar was discovered in the 1930s in the Chinese province of Fujian. It is inscribed with one of the only remaining records of the voyages of the Zheng He. Five hundred years earlier, around 1430, he erected that pillar to commemorate his trips.
The first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, after overthrowing the Mongols in 1368, wanted to trumpet Chinese power. However, it was not until after his successor, Yongle, took over in 1398 that this dream was realized. Yongle appointed Zheng He, a Muslim, as “Admiral of the Western Seas.” Zheng He set sail from Nanjing on his first voyage in 1405 with a fleet of hundreds of ships.
The Chinese viewed themselves as the center of the world and their fleet reflected that view. The larger ships in the fleet were ten times larger than their European counterparts and could carry 500 people. To feed all those people, they brought huge tubs of soil in order to grow fruits and vegetables. The Chinese intended to show off their wealth, receive tribute, and explore new places. Zheng He brought porcelain vases, Chinese silk, and earls to amaze the “barbarians.” On one of Zheng He’s stops, a local king did not show sufficient respect to the Ming emperor, so he was taken back to China for “instruction.” In Arabia, Zheng He made the pilgrimage to Mecca and visited Muhammad’s tomb in Medina. Another time, in Africa, animals such as “lions, gold-spotted leopards, and camel-birds [ostriches]” amazed Zheng He and his men. In 1433, after traveling nearly 35,000 miles to thirty nations on seven voyages, Zheng He retired and soon died. The Ming emperor at that time then ended exploration because of the cost. He even had the written journals of Zheng He destroyed to emphasize his policy, and China soon fell back into isolation.
CHAPTER
.
Interpreting Text and Visuals
1. The Strait of Malacca, through which Zheng He sailed, lies between the southern end of the Malay Peninsula and the island of Sumatra. According to the map, what two large bodies of water does this strait connect? 

2. According to the map, Zheng He sailed through three seas, a large bay, and an ocean. Name these bodies of water. 

3. Why did Zheng He sail to Mecca? 

4. What port city appears to be Zheng He’s major jumping-off point for destinations in Arabia and Africa? 

5. Columbus’s voyage from Spain to the Caribbean in 1492 covered about 5,000 miles. About how long was Zheng He’s trip from Nanjing to Mecca, measured along the most direct ship route?

6. Examine the map. Why do you think that it may have been important to Zheng He’s travels that he was a Muslim? 

7. Do you agree or disagree with the Ming emperor who ended the voyages of exploration? Why? 

In your own words, summarize today’s lesson.