World History
1.2 The Northern Renaissance Begins

Drill: Secular & Patrons
Secular -concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters 
Patrons -wealthy people who financially supported artists

Objectives: Students will be able to explain the origins and characteristics of the Northern Renaissance by tracing how printing spread ideas.

I. Notes:
A. Utopia - An ideal place free of greed, war, and conflict.
 B. printing press is a machine for reproducing writing by pressing paper against inked type
C. Gutenberg Bible - First full-size book printed with a movable type printing press
II. Why was the time right for the Northern Renaissance to begin?
A. By 1450, the bubonic plague had ended in northern Europe. 
B. Hundred Years’ War between France and England was ending. 
C. Educated people combined classical learning with interest in religious ideas.
III. How was the northern Renaissance different from the Renaissance in Italy? 
A. Renaissance thinkers combined classical learning with religious thinking.
B. Major artists appeared in parts of Germany, France, and Belgium.
IV. What did Northern European artists paint?
A. Northern European artists showed their own lives and times in realistic ways. 
B. They often painted lifelike portraits and scenes of peasant life.
C. Dürer painted religious subjects and realistic landscapes. 
Holbein, Van Eyck, and Bruegel painted lifelike portraits and scenes of peasant life. 
V. What did northern writers write? 
A. Writers of the northern Renaissance combined humanism with a deep Christian faith. They urged reforms in the Church. 
B. They also wanted society to be fairer. 
VI. Who were two of the most famous writers of the northern Renaissance? 
A. Thomas More wrote a book about Utopia
B. Shakespeare wrote plays that showed a brilliant command of English language. 
VII. What effects did the printing press have on northern European life?  
A.	People read more. 
B.	They also began to read the Bible on their own, which led to their forming their own ideas about Christianity.

World History
1.2 The Northern Renaissance Begins
1. a
2. b
3. d
4. b
5. a
6. c
B. It led to religious reforms. The printing press made the Bible available to many more people, decreasing people’s reliance on the Church’s interpretation of scripture and leading people to question and criticize the behavior of some priests. It increased literacy. The availability of reading material made being able to read much more practical and desirable. It increased people’s knowledge of the world. Because printed material was much more widely available, ideas could spread more quickly.

GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION
Responses may vary on the inferential questions. Sample responses are given for those.
1. It was a loose economic organization of nearly 100 cities in the North Sea and Baltic Sea region that oversaw trade between cities in northern Europe. It lasted from around 1200 to the early 1600s.
2. London, Bruges, Marseilles, and Venice 
3. The Venetian trade route was all on water, while the Hanseatic route combined sea and land routes.
4. Venetian: This route was all on water, with goods moving out of Marseilles, around Portugal and Spain, and finally to London. 
Hanseatic: This route moved goods northward on land from Marseilles, Through Lyons, Paris, and Burges. From Burges, the trip was completed on a ship across to London.
5. It probably allowed smaller shipments the shortcut of avoiding a trip around the peninsula north of Lübeck. 
6. Like the Mediterranean Sea, the Baltic Sea provides sea routes to connect several countries. 
7. Because winter weather that far north produces great amounts of ice, the Hanseatic trade route was undoubtedly not open for the entire 12 months of the year.

Summary: In today’s lesson we explain the origins and characteristics of the Northern Renaissance by tracing how printing spread ideas.

Homework: Utopia & Printing Press
Utopia - An ideal place free of greed, war, and conflict.
Printing Press is a machine for reproducing writing by pressing paper against inked type

Name ____________________________________Class ___________Date_______________
World History
1.2 The Northern Renaissance Begins
A. Terms and Names Write the letter of the best answer.
______ 1. Renaissance painters in Flanders, as in Italy, tended to produce work that was
a. realistic.	b. idealistic.	c. highly spiritual.	d. formal and tightly structured.

______ 2. In Greek, the word utopia means
a. “highest.” 					c. “everywhere.”
b. “no place.” 					d. “an ideal place.”
______ 3. The first use of movable type was in
a. Greece. 					c. Italy.
b. Germany. 					d. China.
______ 4. The printing press was invented by
a. Jan van Eyck.	b. Johann Gutenberg.	c. Peter Bruegel the Elder.	d. Hans Holbein the Younger.
______ 5. Which of the following correctly matches the author with something he wrote?
a. Thomas More and Utopia				
b. François Rabelais and King Lear
c. William Shakespeare and The Praise of Folly
d. Desiderius Erasmus and Gargantua and Pantagruel
______ 6. Which of the following did Desiderius Erasmus and François Rabelais have in common?
a. Both were French.
b. Both wrote in classic languages.
c. Both were considered humanists.
d. Both were highly secular in their interests.

B. Critical Thinking Briefly answer the following question. Describe one important and lasting result of the invention of the printing press and explain why it came about. The Northern Renaissance

1.2 GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENT
Trade in Renaissance EuropeDirections: Read the paragraphs below and study the map carefully. Then answer the questions that follow. 
For centuries Venice and other coastal Italian city-states had a monopoly on trade in their region, the Mediterranean Sea. As a result, around 1200, European merchants to the north began organizing far-ranging, controlled trade routes of their own. Northern European cities formed a federation called the Hanseatic League. By the 1300s the League had incorporated most of the Baltic and North Sea ports, with German states serving as a go-between. Lübeck, built in the 1200s, was situated in a sheltered port and became the “mother town” of the League, which stretched from Russia to England. Merchants from the nearly 100-member cities—including such inland locations as Cologne and Novgorod—made up the League’s governing body.
Along with a great growth in ship traffic in the upper European region, land transport also increased. Cloth, metals, and other goods such as fish, timber, animal skins, tar, and turpentine were brought to ports and exchanged for the raw goods of Scandinavia and Russia. The League eventually set up branch offices in England and created monopolies to protect their commerce. However, in the early 
1.2 GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENT ….Continued
1600s, the League was hit by internal strife and foreign attacks and was so weakened that it disbanded. At this time, English and Dutch merchants took over control of shipping in the region.
Interpreting Text and Visuals

1. What is the Hanseatic League? 

2. Name four port cities where the Venetian and Hanseatic trade routes met. 

3. Besides location and length, what would you say marks the major difference between the Hanseatic and Venetian trade routes? 

4. Describe the movement of goods from the port of Marseilles to London in two ways: by Venetian and by Hanseatic trade routes. 

5. In the 1300s a land route and then a canal connected Lübeck with Hamburg. Why do you think this linkage was so important? 

6. The Baltic Sea has been called a “Scandinavian Mediterranean.” Explain why that comparison seems logical.

7. Considering the weather possibilities of their far northern location, what do you see as one great disadvantage to the Hanseatic League’s sea routes?

In your own words, summarize today’s lesson.